What is the first-line treatment for hypertension?

The first-line treatment for hypertension involves lifestyle modifications, which include changes in diet and exercise. This approach is foundational because it addresses the root causes of hypertension and promotes overall health. By adopting a healthy diet, such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, individuals can significantly lower their blood pressure. This diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins while reducing salt intake, saturated fats, and sugars.

In addition to dietary changes, regular physical activity is crucial. Exercise helps maintain a healthy weight and can directly lower blood pressure. The combination of a nutritious diet and physical activity not only aids in managing hypertension but also decreases the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

While antihypertensive medications are used to manage hypertension, they are generally considered after lifestyle changes have been initiated or if hypertension is severe. Surgical interventions and psychological counseling are not first-line strategies for treating hypertension; they are usually reserved for specific situations or underlying conditions that may contribute to high blood pressure. Thus, focusing on lifestyle modifications is a proactive and effective approach to managing hypertension.