What is the main concern with a patient receiving anticoagulant therapy?

The main concern for a patient receiving anticoagulant therapy is the risk of bleeding. Anticoagulants, such as warfarin, heparin, or newer oral anticoagulants, work by interfering with the normal blood clotting process to prevent or treat thromboembolic events like deep vein thrombosis or stroke. However, this mechanism also increases the chance of excessive bleeding, whether from minor injuries, surgical procedures, or even spontaneous bleeding in some cases.

Patients on anticoagulants must be monitored closely for signs of bleeding, such as unusual bruising, bloody stools or urine, and prolonged bleeding from cuts. Education on safety measures and regular monitoring of blood levels (e.g., INR for warfarin) is crucial to minimize this risk.

The other options, while relevant to patient care, are not primary concerns in the context of anticoagulant therapy. The risk of infection may be a consideration in general patient management but is not directly linked to anticoagulant use. Similarly, constipation and dehydration may arise in various patients but are not specific risks associated with anticoagulants. Therefore, the focus on bleeding risk highlights the significant impact that anticoagulant therapy can have on hemostasis and overall patient safety.