What should a nurse assess for in a patient who has just received a blood transfusion?

After a patient receives a blood transfusion, it is crucial for the nurse to assess for signs of an allergic reaction or transfusion reaction. This assessment is vital because transfusion reactions can occur quickly after the transfusion begins and can range from mild allergic reactions to severe life-threatening complications such as hemolytic reactions or anaphylaxis. Symptoms to monitor include fever, chills, rash, difficulty breathing, and hemoglobinuria. Early identification and prompt intervention are essential to prevent serious outcomes.

While improved hemoglobin levels can be a result of the transfusion, it is not immediately observable right after the procedure. Increased appetite and heightened energy levels are not direct indicators of the patient's response to the transfusion, and they may take time to manifest after improvement in hemoglobin and overall health is noted. Therefore, monitoring for signs of an allergic reaction or transfusion reaction is the primary focus immediately following the transfusion, ensuring patient safety and appropriate management of potential complications.