What should be monitored in patients receiving digoxin therapy?

Monitoring heart rate and serum digoxin levels in patients receiving digoxin therapy is crucial due to the medication's effects on cardiac function and its narrow therapeutic window. Digoxin is primarily used to treat heart failure and certain arrhythmias, and it works by increasing the force of cardiac contractions and regulating heart rhythms.

The heart rate should be closely observed because digoxin can cause bradycardia, a condition where the heart beats too slowly, which can lead to adverse effects or indicate toxicity, especially in cases of elevated serum digoxin levels. Routine assessment of serum digoxin levels is necessary to ensure they remain within the therapeutic range, as levels that are too high can lead to toxicity, characterized by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, and life-threatening arrhythmias.

While monitoring other parameters such as blood glucose levels, kidney function, respiratory rate, blood pressure, liver function tests, and electrolyte levels can be important in a comprehensive patient care approach, the most critical factors specifically related to digoxin therapy involve heart rate and serum digoxin levels. These two components ensure the safe and effective use of this potent cardiac medication.